Git CheatSheet

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# Getting started Git


What is Git ?

Git (/??t/) is software for tracking changes in any set of files, usually used for coordinating work among programmers collaboratively developing source code during software development.

Its goals include speed, data integrity, and support for distributed, non-linear workflows (thousands of parallel branches running on different systems).

Also see: Git Document

Installation & GUIS

With platform specific installers for Git, GitHub also provides the ease of staying up-to-date with the latest releases of the command line tool while providing a graphical user interface for day-to-day interaction, review, and repository synchronization.

GitHub for Windows

GitHub for Mac

For Linux and Solaris platforms, the latest release is available on the official Git web site.

Git for All Platforms

# Setup Git


About

Configuring user information used across all local repositories

Set a Name

git config --global user.name [firstname lastname]

Note: set a name that is identifiable for credit when review version history

Set an Email

git config --global user.email [valid-email]

Note: set an email address that will be associated with each history marker

Set Automatic

git config --global color.ui auto

Note: set automatic command line coloring for Git for easy reviewing

# Setup & Init


About

Configuring user information, initializing and cloning repositories

Init

git init

Note: initialize an existing directory as a Git repository

Clone

git clone [url]

Note: retrieve an entire repository from a hosted location via URL

# Stage & Snapshot


About

Working with snapshots and the Git staging area

Git Status

git status

Note: show modified files in working directory, staged for your next commit

Git add

git add [file]

Note: add a file as it looks now to your next commit (stage)

Git Reset

git reset [file]

Note: unstage a file while retaining the changes in working directory

Git Diff

git diff

Note: diff of what is changed but not staged

Git Diff (Staged)

git diff --staged

Note: diff of what is staged but not yet committed

Git Commit

git commit -m [descriptive message]

Note: commit your staged content as a new commit snapshot

# Branch & Merge


About

Isolating work in branches, changing context, and integrating changes

Git Branch

git branch

Note: list your branches. a * will appear next to the currently active branch

Branch Name

git branch [branch-name]

Note: create a new branch at the current commit

Git Checkout

git checkout

Note: switch to another branch and check it out into your working directory

Git Merge

git merge [branch]

Note: merge the specified branchs history into the current one

Git Log

git log

Note: show all commits in the current branchs history

# Inspect & Compare in Git


About

Examining logs, diffs and object information

Git Log

git log

Note: show the commit history for the currently active branch

Git Log (2)

git log branchB..branchA

Note: show the commits on branchA that are not on branchB

Git Log Follow

git log --follow [file]

Note: show the commits that changed file, even across renames

Git Diff

git diff branchB...branchA

Note: show the diff of what is in branchA that is not in branchB

Git Show

git show [SHA]

Note: show any object in Git in human-readable format

# Tracking Path Change in Git


About

Versioning file removes and path changes

Git rm

git rm [file]

Note: delete the file from project and stage the removal for commit

Git mv

git mv [existing-path] [new-path]

Note: change an existing file path and stage the move

Git log --stat

git log --stat -M

Note: show all commit logs with indication of any paths that moved TEMPORARY COMMITS

# Ignoring Patterns in Git


About

Preventing unintentional staging or commiting of files

.gitignore

logs/
*.notes
pattern*/

Note: Save a file with desired patterns as .gitignore with either direct string matches or wildcard globs.

Git ignore config

git config --global core.excludesfile [file]

Note: system wide ignore patern for all local repositories

# Share & Update in Git


About

Retrieving updates from another repository and updating local repos

Git Remote

git remote add [alias] [url]

Note: add a git URL as an alias

Git Fetch

git fetch [alias]

Note: fetch down all the branches from that Git remote

Git Merge

git merge [alias]/[branch]

Note: merge a remote branch into your current branch to bring it up to date

Git Push

git push [alias] [branch]

Note: Transmit local branch commits to the remote repository branch

Git Pull

git pull

Note: fetch and merge any commits from the tracking remote branch

# Rewrite History in Git


About

Rewriting branches, updating commits and clearing history

Git Rebase

git rebase [branch]

Note: apply any commits of a current branch ahead of the specified one

Git Reset

git reset --hard [commit]

Note: clear staging area, rewrite working tree from specified commit

# Temporary Commits in Git


About

Temporarily store modified, tracked files in order to change branches

Git Stash

git stash

Note: Save modified and staged changes

Git Stash List

git stash list

Note: list stack-order of stashed file changes

Git Stash Pop

git stash pop

Note: write working from top of stash stack

Git Stash Drop

git stash drop

Note: discard the changes from top of stash stack




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